Nitrification

Time to act-assessing variations in qPCR analyses in biological nitrogen removal with examples from partial nitritation/anammox systems

Highlights: (1) Assessment of variation in qPCR analysis of biological nitrogen removal microbiome. (2) Comparison of qPCR results between labs highlights the limitations with comparability. (3) The impact of DNA extraction was highest was followed by choice of primers. (4) The extent of variability between labs depends upon the sample type. (5) The extent of variability between labs differed for each target microorganism.